vascular access

Introduction The global prevalence of renal failure is rising, driven predominantly by diabetes.1 In the UK, 37.8% of the 68,111 patients on renal replacement therapy receive haemodialysis.2 Accordingly, there is a sustained increase in the need for vascular access and vascular access interventions. The Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology – Hemodialysis (SONG-HD) initiative is an international…